Parasitic Load on Musca Domestica (Dipthera: Muscidae) From Different Synanthropic Environments in Jos Metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria
Keywords:
Houseflies, Protozoa, Helminthes and TransmittersAbstract
This study was carried out from five (5) different sampling sites in Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau state, Nigeria during the wet season (May to July, 2016). Five hundred houseflies were captured in the different synanthropic sites in the study area. Six different parasite species were isolated from both the external body surfaces and the gut of the houseflies. These include the four nucleated cysts of Entamoeba histolytica; ova/eggs of Taenia species, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and Hookworm, and also the larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis. Open defecation site (Tudun Wada) had the highest parasite prevalence of 13(39.39%) and 8(42.11%) for both external body and gut parasitic load respectively while the lowest prevalence of 2 (6.06%) and 1(5.06) were observed in Terminus market for external body and gut parasitic loads respectively. E. histolytica had the highest prevalence of 15(45.45%) and 7 (36.84%) for external and gut parasites respectively while Hookworm and T. trichiura had the lowest prevalence of 1(3.03%) each. S.stercoralis, A. lumbricoides and E. histolytica were the only parasites found in the digestive tracts of the flies. There was no association (p>0.05) between occurrence of the different parasites and sample sites in neither the external nor endo parasites. Likewise, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in occurrence of parasites in relation to the different body parts. This confirms that houseflies are mechanical carriers and possible transmitters of disease pathogens to man in this locality due to the intimacy shared between these Dipterans and Man. Hence, there is the need for improved sanitation and proper health awareness in Jos metropolis to avert possible disease outbreaks and epidemics associated with poor sanitary conditions
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